Medicare Advantage plans are available in four main types: Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), Preferred Provider Organization (PPO), Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS), and Special Needs Plans (SNP). Each offers different levels of flexibility, cost, and provider access, depending on your healthcare needs and preferences.


HMO Medicare Advantage plans, part of Medicare Part C, are provided by private insurance companies approved by Medicare. These plans typically require you to use a network of approved doctors, hospitals, and healthcare providers. In most cases, you’ll need to select a primary care physician (PCP) who will coordinate your care and provide referrals if you need to see a specialist. Services received outside the plan’s network generally won’t be covered, except in the case of emergencies or urgent care situations.

HMO Plan Eligibility

If you qualify for Medicare Part A and B, you’re also eligible for a Medicare Advantage HMO plan. Most people become eligible for Medicare at age 65 if they are a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident and have lived in the United States continuously for at least

five years.


If you’re under 65, you may still qualify if you:


- Have End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

- Have Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

- Have received Social Security disability benefits for 24 months

Enrollment in a Medicare Advantage HMO plan is limited to specific windows:


- Initial Coverage Election Period (ICEP): This 7-month window starts 3 months before the month you turn 65 and ends 3 months after your birth month.

- Annual Enrollment Period (AEP): Takes place from October 15 to December 7 each year, allowing you to enroll, switch, or drop - Medicare Advantage plans.

- Medicare Advantage Open Enrollment Period (MA OEP): Runs from January 1 to March 31, during which you can switch Medicare Advantage plans or return to Original Medicare.

- Special Enrollment Period (SEP): Certain life changes — like moving to a new area, losing current coverage, or qualifying for Extra Help — may allow you to enroll or switch plans outside of standard windows. It’s best to consult a licensed Medicare advisor to understand your specific options.

HMO Plan Coverage


Medicare Advantage HMO plans must offer at least the same coverage as Original Medicare Parts A and B, including:

Hospital stays and skilled nursing, Outpatient care, lab tests, and preventative services, Home health services and durable medical equipment.

In addition, many HMO plans provide extra benefits, such as:

- Prescription drug coverage (Part D)

- Dental, vision, and hearing care

- Fitness memberships (e.g., SilverSneakers)

- Transportation to medical appointments

- Over-the-counter allowances

- Wellness programs and chronic condition support

Preventive services like flu shots, screenings, and annual checkups are also included. Each plan varies, so it’s important to check with your provider or agent for available benefits in your area.

HMO Plan Costs

Some Medicare Advantage HMO plans offer $0 monthly premiums, though others may charge a separate plan premium in addition to your standard Medicare Part B premium. These plans often have:


- Low or no deductibles

- Fixed copayments for doctor and specialist visits

- Coinsurance (typically around 20%) after meeting your deductible

One of the key financial protections HMO plans offer is an annual out-of-pocket maximum, which caps how much you spend on covered services each year.

Are Prescription Drugs Covered?

In most cases, Medicare Advantage HMO plans include Part D drug coverage. However, some HMO plans do not. If your HMO plan doesn’t include drug coverage, you cannot enroll in a separate Part D plan, so it’s important to choose your HMO plan carefully based on your prescription needs.

HMO vs. PPO — What’s the Difference?

While HMO and PPO Medicare Advantage plans share many features, there are a few key differences:


- HMO plans require you to use in-network providers and get referrals for specialists.

- PPO plans offer out-of-network access and don’t require referrals, but they usually come with higher monthly premiums.

- HMO plans are typically more affordable and structured, while PPO plans offer more flexibility and provider choice.

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